2. 部署步骤

2.1 前置检查

# 确认系统版本
[root@docker-71 ~]# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:    Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 25.10
Release:    25.10
Codename:    questing

# 卸载旧版本（如有）
apt-get remove -y docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc
apt-get purge -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
rm -rf /var/lib/docker /var/lib/containerd

2.2 安装依赖工具

apt-get update
apt-get install -y \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg \
    lsb-release

2.3 添加 Docker 官方 GPG Key（国内可走 HTTPS 直连）

mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | \
gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

2.4 配置国内 APT 源（以阿里云为例）

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) \
  signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] \
  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | \
  tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

2.5 更新索引并安装 Docker Engine

apt-get update
apt-get install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

2.6 配置国内镜像加速器（根治拉取慢）

太可怕了，国内大的镜像加速网站几乎全军覆没。建议给服务器直接使用国外代理

编辑或创建 /etc/docker/daemon.json：

注意：vim时 :set paste 不让vim自动缩进

tee /etc/docker/daemon.json << 'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": [
    "https://docker.m.daocloud.io",
    "https://docker.xuanyuan.me",
    "https://docker.1ms.run"
  ],
  "dns": ["223.5.5.5", "114.114.114.114"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF

重载配置并启动 Docker：

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable docker
systemctl restart docker

2.7 验证安装

docker version
docker info | grep -A 5 "Registry Mirrors"
docker run --rm hello-world